A Brief Introduction of Connections between TCM & Western Anatomical Systems

In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), the concepts and systems don't map directly to the Western anatomical systems, but there are functional equivalents that correspond to various physiological functions

Cat 1. 心 (xin) - Heart

*Nervous system* *cardiovascular system*

The Heart is associated with the mind and spirit (神)，governing mental activities, emotions, and consciousness

The Heart governs blood circulation and houses the Shen (神_spirit), ensuring the proper flow of blood and Qi throughout the body.

Cat 2. 肺(fei) – Lung

*Respiratory System* *Integumentary System*

The Lung is responsible for governing Qi and respiration, facilitating the exchange of gases (inhalation of pure Qi and exhalation of impure Qi).

The Lung governs the skin and hair, creating a protective barrier. Defensive Qi circulates at the surface of the body to protect against external pathogens

Cat 3. 肝 (gan) - Liver

*Nervous System* *Reproductive System* *Muscular System*

The Liver is linked to the smooth flow of Qi (气) and blood, affecting emotional and nervous system health.

The Liver ensures the smooth flow of Qi and Blood, which supports reproductive functions

The Liver ensures the smooth flow of Qi and Blood necessary for movement and nourishment of muscles.

Cat 4. 脾(pi) - Spleen

*Lymphatic System* *Endocrine system* *Digestive system*

The Spleen manages the transportation and transformation of fluids

the Spleen supports the transformation of nutrients into Qi and Blood.

The Spleen and Stomach are responsible for the transformation and transportation of food and nutrients, forming the basis of postnatal Qi.

Cat 5. 肾 (shen) - Kidney

*Reproductive System* *Endocrine System* *Urinary System* *Skeletal System*

The Kidney is responsible for growth, development, reproduction, and overall balance of hormones (精)

The Kidney stores Jing (精), which is fundamental for reproduction, growth, and development.

The Kidney governs water metabolism and stores Jing, while the Bladder controls the storage and excretion of urine.

The Kidney governs bones, teeth, and marrow, providing the structural integrity and strength of the skeletal system.